魏書十八 · 龐淯傳 · 附张猛、赵娥
龐淯字子異，酒泉表氏人也。初以涼州從事守破羌長，會武威太守張猛反，殺刺史邯鄲商，猛令曰：「敢有臨商喪，死不赦。」淯聞之，棄官，晝夜奔走，號哭喪所訖，詣猛門，衷匕首，欲因見以殺猛。猛知其義士，勑遣不殺，由是以忠烈聞。
Pang Yu, courtesy name Ziyi, was from Biaoshi, Jiuquan. He was initially the acting Chief of Poqiang as an Aide of Liang Province. When Zhang Meng, Grand Administrator of Wuwei, rebelled and killed the province Inspector Handan Shang, he issued an order: "Anyone who dares attend Handan Shang's funeral shall be put to death without pardon." On hearing this, Pang Yu abandoned his office and hastened there day and night. After wailing and mourning for Handan Shang, Pang Yu went to Zhang Meng's gate with a dagger concealed in his robes, intending to kill Zhang Meng when granted an audience. Recognising Pang Yu as a righteous man, Zhang Meng ordered his release and spared his life. Pang Yu thus became renowned for his loyalty and valour.
魏略曰：猛兵欲來縛淯，猛聞之，歎曰：「猛以殺刺史為罪。此人以至忠為名，如又殺之，何以勸一州履義之士邪！」遂使行服。
The Weilüe / Brief History of Wei states: Zhang Meng's soldiers were about to seize Pang Yu. When Zhang Meng heard of this, he sighed and said, "I already bear the blame for killing the Inspector. This man is renowned for his loyalty. If I kill him too, how can I rally the righteous men of this province?" He therefore allowed Pang Yu to mourn for Handan Shang.
典略曰：張猛字叔威，本燉煌人也。猛父奐，桓帝時仕歷郡守、中郎將、太常，遂居華陰，終因葬焉。建安初，猛仕郡為功曹，是時河西四郡以去涼州治遠，隔以河寇，上書求別置州。詔以陳留人邯鄲商為雍州刺史，別典四郡。時武威太守缺，詔又以猛父昔在河西有威名，乃以猛補之。商、猛俱西。
The Dianlüe / Notable Accounts says: Zhang Meng, courtesy name Shuwei, was originally from Dunhuang. His father, Zhang Huan, served under Emperor Huan, the Accomplished Emperor. Zhang Huan successively held office as Grand Administrator, Gentlemen General, and Minister of Ceremonies. He later settled in Huayin and was ultimately buried there. During the early Jian'an era, Zhang Meng served in his commandery as Merit Section Foreman Clerk. At the time, the four commanderies west of the Yellow River were far from the seat of government in Liang Province and cut off by bandits along the river. They therefore submitted a memorial requesting the establishment of a separate province. By imperial edict, Handan Shang from Chenliu State was appointed Inspector of Yong Province and command over the four commanderies. Since the post of Grand Administrator of Wuwei was vacant, and because Zhang Meng's father had once enjoyed great prestige west of the Yellow River, another edict appointed Zhang Meng to fill it. Handan Shang and Zhang Meng thus travelled west together.
初，猛與商同歲，每相戲侮，及共之官，行道更相責望。曁到，商欲誅猛。猛覺之，遂勒兵攻商。商治舍與猛側近，商聞兵至，恐怖登屋，呼猛字曰：「叔威，汝欲殺我耶？然我死者有知，汝亦族矣。請和解，尚可乎？」猛因呼曰；「來。」商踰屋就猛，猛因責數之，語畢，以商屬督郵。督郵錄商，閉置傳舍。後商欲逃，事覺，遂殺之。是歲建安十四年也。至十五年，將軍韓遂自上討猛，猛發兵遣軍東拒。其吏民畏遂，乃反共攻猛。
Zhang Meng and Handan Shang were of the same age and had long made sport of insulting one another. As they journeyed to their posts, however, their mutual recriminations grew more bitter. On their arrival, Handan Shang plotted to kill Zhang Meng. Zhang Meng discovered his intention and mustered troops to attack him. Handan Shang's provincial office was close to Zhang Meng's commandery office. Hearing that troops were approaching, Handan Shang climbed onto the roof in terror and called Zhang Meng by his courtesy name: "Shuwei, do you mean to kill me? If the dead remain aware, I will see to it that your clan is exterminated as well. Can we not still make peace?" "Come over," Zhang Meng called back. Handan Shang came to Zhang Meng. Zhang Meng denounced him and recounted his offences. Zhang Meng then handed Handan Shang over to the Post Marshal, and the Post Marshal confined him in a nearby residence. Handan Shang later attempted to escape, and he was killed when the attempt was discovered. This was in the fourteenth year of Jian'an. In the next year, General Han Sui campaigned against Zhang Meng personally. Zhang Meng sent troops east to bar his advance. His officials and people, however, feared Han Sui and turned against Zhang Meng, joining together to attack him.
初奐為武威太守時，猛方在孕。母夢帶奐印綬，登樓而歌，旦以告奐。奐訊占夢者，曰：「夫人方生男，後當復臨此郡，其必死官乎！」及猛被攻，自知必死，曰：「使死者無知則已矣，若有知，豈使吾頭東過華陰歷先君之墓乎？」乃登樓自燒而死。
When Zhang Huan was Grand Administrator of Wuwei, Zhang Meng was still in his mother's womb. She dreamt that she wore Zhang Huan's seal and ribbon, climbed a tower, and sang. The next morning she told Zhang Huan, who consulted an interpreter. The interpreter said, "Your wife is about to bear a son. He will one day return to govern this commandery, and will surely die in office." When Zhang Meng came under attack and knew that he would not survive, he said, "If the dead know nothing, then so be it. But if they remain aware, how could I allow my head to be carried east through Huayin, past my late father's grave?" He then climbed a tower, set it alight, and perished in the flames.
太守徐揖請為主簿。後郡人黃昂反，圍城。淯棄妻子，夜踰城出圍，告急於張掖、燉煌二郡。初疑未肯發兵，淯欲伏劒，二郡感其義，遂為興兵。軍未至而郡城邑已陷，揖死。淯乃收歛揖喪，送還本郡，行服三年乃還。太祖聞之，辟為掾屬。文帝踐阼，拜駙馬都尉，遷西海太守，賜爵關內侯。後徵拜中散大夫，薨。子曾嗣。
Grand Administrator Xu Yi appointed Pang Yu as Registrar. Later, Huang Ang, a man of the same commandery as Pang Yu, rebelled and besieged the city. Leaving his wife and children behind, Pang Yu scaled the walls by night, slipped through the encirclement, and appealed for aid from Zhangye and Dunhuang commanderies. At first, the two commanderies doubted his account and refused to send troops. Pang Yu was prepared to prove his sincerity with his life, and, moved by his devotion, the commanderies agreed to dispatch forces. However, before the forces could arrive, the commandery seat had already fallen, and Xu Yi was killed. Pang Yu gathered Xu Yi's remains and escorted them back to his native commandery. He observed mourning for three years before returning. When Cao Cao (posthumously honoured as the Grand Progenitor) heard of this, he appointed Pang Yu to his staff. After Cao Pi (posthumously honoured as Emperor Wen, the Civil Emperor) ascended the throne, Pang Yu was appointed Commandant of Escorting Cavalry, then transferred to Grand Administrator of Xihai and bestowed Marquis Within the Pass. He was later recalled and appointed Palace Attendant Counsellor. Upon his death, his son Pang Zeng succeeded him.
初，淯外祖父趙安為同縣李壽所殺，淯舅兄弟三人同時病死，壽家喜。淯母娥自傷父讎不報，乃帷車袖劒，白日刺壽於都亭前，訖，徐詣縣，顏色不變，曰：「父讎已報，請受戮。」祿福長尹嘉解印綬縱娥，娥不肯去，遂彊載還家。會赦得免，州郡歎貴，刊石表閭。
Previously, Pang Yu's maternal grandfather, Zhao An, had been killed by his fellow county-man Li Shou. When Pang Yu's three maternal uncles all died of illness at the same time, the Li family rejoiced. Pang Yu's mother, Zhao E, grieved that her father remained unavenged. Riding in a curtained carriage with a sword concealed in her sleeve, she stabbed Li Shou in broad daylight before the neighbourhood station. She then calmly presented herself at the county office, her expression unchanged, and declared, "My father is avenged. I ask only to be put to death." Yin Jia, Chief of Lufu county, removed his official seal and ribbon and released her. Zhao E refused to leave, so she was forcibly carried home. An amnesty later spared her. People throughout the province and commandery admired and honoured her, and erected an inscribed stone at the village gate in her commemoration.
列女傳曰：酒泉烈女龐娥親者1，表氏龐子夏之妻，祿福趙君安之女也。君安為同縣李壽所殺，娥親有男弟三人，皆欲報讎，壽深以為備。會遭災疫，三人皆死。壽聞大喜，請會宗族，共相慶賀，云：「趙氏強壯已盡，唯有女弱，何足復憂！」防備懈弛。娥親子淯出行，聞壽此言，還以啟娥親。娥親旣素有報讎之心，及聞壽言，感激愈深，愴然隕涕曰：「李壽，汝莫喜也，終不活汝！戴履天地，為吾門戶，吾三子之羞也。焉知娥親不手刃殺汝，而自儌倖邪？」
The Biographies of Exemplary Women states: The heroic woman Pang E1 of Jiuquan was the wife of Pang Zixia of Biaoshi and the daughter of Zhao An of Lufu. Zhao An was killed by his fellow county-man Li Shou. Pang E had three younger brothers, all intent on avenging their father, and Li Shou took great precautions against them. Then an epidemic struck, and all three brothers died. On hearing the news, Li Shou was overjoyed. He summoned his clansmen to a feast of celebration, saying, "The Zhao family has lost all its strong men. Only a feeble woman remains. What is there now to fear?" He therefore let down his guard. Pang E's son, Pang Yu, heard what Li Shou had said while he was out and told his mother when he returned. Pang E had long cherished the resolve to avenge her father, and Li Shou's words only strengthened it further. She shed bitter tears and said, "Li Shou, do not rejoice. I shall not let you live out your days! That you still live beneath Heaven is a shame to my family and my three brothers. How do you know that I will not kill you with my own hand?"
陰巿名刀，挾長持短，晝夜哀酸，志在殺壽。壽為人凶豪，聞娥親之言，更乘馬帶刀，鄉人皆畏憚之。比鄰有徐氏婦，憂娥親不能制，恐逆見中害，每諫止之，曰：「李壽，男子也，凶惡有素，加今備衞在身。趙雖有猛烈之志，而彊弱不敵。邂逅不制，則為重受禍於壽，絕滅門戶，痛辱不輕也。願詳舉動，為門戶之計。」
She secretly bought a fine sword and carried both long and short blades. Grief consumed her day and night, and her sole purpose was to kill Li Shou. Li Shou was a fierce and overbearing man. When he heard what Pang E said, he went about on horseback with a sword at his side, and everyone in the county feared him. A woman of the neighbouring Xu family feared that Pang E would be unable to overcome him and would instead come to harm. She repeatedly tried to dissuade Pang E, saying, "Li Shou is a violent and wicked man, and now goes about armed and guarded. Though your resolve is fierce, your strength cannot match his. If you confront him and fail, you will only bring further calamity upon yourself at his hands, ruin your household, and suffer no small measure of anguish and disgrace. I beg you to think carefully before you act, and to consider your family."
娥親曰：「父母之讎，不同天地共日月者也。李壽不死，娥親視息世間，活復何求！今雖三弟早死，門戶泯絕，而娥親猶在，豈可假手於人哉！若以卿心況我，則李壽不可得殺；論我之心，壽必為我所殺明矣。」夜數磨礪所持刀訖，扼腕切齒，悲涕長歎，家人及鄰里咸共笑之。娥親謂左右曰：「卿等笑我，直以我女弱不能殺壽故也。要當以壽頸血汙此刀刃，令汝輩見之。」遂棄家事，乘鹿車伺壽。
Pang E replied, "One cannot share heaven and earth, sun and moon, with the murderer of one's parents. While Li Shou lives and I still draw breath in this world, what purpose can there be in living? Though my three brothers died young and our male line is extinguished, I remain. How could I leave vengeance to another's hand? If you measure my heart by your own, then Li Shou can never be killed. But judged by my own resolve, it is clear that he will surely die by my hand."Night after night, after sharpening her blade, she would clutch her wrist, grind her teeth, weep in sorrow, and heave long sighs. Her family and neighbours all laughed at her. Pang E told them, "You laugh only because you think me a feeble woman incapable of killing Li Shou. Yet I shall stain this blade with the blood from his neck and make you see it."She then abandoned her household affairs, took a light cart, and monitored Li Shou.
至光和二年二月上旬，以白日清時，於都亭之前，與壽相遇，便下車扣壽馬，叱之。壽驚愕，迴馬欲走。娥親奮刀斫之，并傷其馬。馬驚，壽擠道邊溝中。娥親尋復就地斫之，探中樹蘭，折所持刀。壽被創未死，娥親因前欲取壽所佩刀殺壽，壽護刀瞋目大呼，跳梁而起。娥親迺挺身奮手，左抵其額，右樁其喉，反覆盤旋，應手而倒。遂拔其刀以截壽頤，持詣都亭，歸罪有司，徐步詣獄，辭顏不變。
Early in the second month of the second year of Guanghe, in broad daylight, she encountered him before the neighbourhood station. She immediately came down from the cart, seized his horse, and shouted at him. Li Shou, startled and bewildered, wheeled his horse to flee. Pang E raised her sword and struck at him, wounding the horse as well. The frightened animal threw Li Shou into a roadside ditch. Pang E pursued him and struck again, but her blade hit a branch and broke. Li Shou was wounded but still alive. She rushed forward to seize his own sword and kill him, but he guarded it, glared at her, and sprang up with a great shout. Pang E flung herself upon him. With her left hand she pressed against his forehead and with her right struck his throat. They twisted back and forth in the struggle until he fell beneath her hands. She drew his sword, severed his head, and carried it to the neighbourhood station. There she surrendered herself to the authorities, then walked calmly to prison, her words and expression unchanged.
時祿福長漢陽尹嘉不忍論娥親，即解印綬去官，弛法縱之。娥親曰：「讎塞身死，妾之明分也。治獄制刑，君之常典也。何敢貪生以枉官法？」鄉人聞之，傾城奔往，觀者如堵焉，莫不為之悲喜慷慨嗟嘆也。守尉不敢公縱，陰語使去，以便宜自匿。娥親抗聲大言曰：「枉法逃死，非妾本心。今讎人已雪，死則妾分，乞得歸法以全國體。雖復萬死，於娥親畢足，不敢貪生為明廷負也。」
At the time, Yin Jia of Hanyang, Chief of Lufu, could not bear to sentence Pang E. He removed his official seal and ribbon, resigned his post, and released her despite the law. Pang E said, "To accomplish my vengeance and die for it is my desire. To judge crimes and impose punishments is your duty. How could I cling to life and tarnish the law?"When the people heard of this, the entire town rushed to the scene. The onlookers stood packed like a wall, and all were moved by mingled grief and joy. The officers did not dare release her openly, but privately urged her to leave and seek refuge elsewhere. Pang E raised her voice and declared, "To escape death through a perversion of the law was never my wish. Now that my father's wrong has been avenged, death is all that remains for me. I ask only to submit to punishment and preserve the dignity of the state. Though I were to die ten thousand deaths, I would have no regrets. I dare not cling to life and betray the court."
尉故不聽所執，娥親復言曰：「匹婦雖微，猶知憲制。殺人之罪，法所不縱。今旣犯之，義無可逃。乞就刑戮，隕身朝巿，肅明王法，娥親之願也。」辭氣愈厲，面無懼色。尉知其難奪，彊載還家。涼州刺史周洪、酒泉太守劉班等並共表上，稱其烈義，刊石立碑，顯其門閭。太常弘農張奐貴尚所履，以束帛二十端禮之。海內聞之者，莫不改容贊善，高大其義。故黃門侍郎安定梁寬追述娥親，為其作傳。
When the officer still refused her demand, Pang E said again, "Though I am only a humble woman, I know the statutes. The law does not pardon the crime of killing. Since I have committed it, righteousness does not permit me to escape punishment. I beg to be executed publicly in the marketplace, so that the imperial law may be upheld in its full severity. This is E'qin's wish."Her words grew still more forceful, and her face showed no fear. Realising that her resolve could not be shaken, the officer had her forcibly placed in a carriage and taken home. Zhou Hong, Inspector of Liang Province, Liu Ban, Grand Administrator of Jiuquan, and others jointly submitted a memorial praising her heroic righteousness. They requested that inscriptions be carved on stone and erected at the village gates to honour her family. Zhang Huan of Hongnong, Minister of Ceremonies, esteemed her conduct so highly that he honoured her with a gift of twenty bolts of silk. Throughout the realm, all who heard of her were moved, praising her virtue and exalting her righteousness. Liang Kuan of Anding, formerly Yellow Gates Attendant Gentleman, later recounted E'qin's deeds and composed a biography of her.
玄晏先生以為父母之讎，不與共天地，蓋男子之所為也。而娥親以女弱之微，念父辱之酷痛，感讎黨之凶言，奮劒仇頸，人馬俱摧，塞亡父之怨魂，雪三弟之永恨，近古以來，未之有也。詩云「脩我戈矛，與子同仇」，娥親之謂也。
Huangfu Mi comments: To refuse to share heaven and earth with the murderer of one's parents is generally deemed the work of a man. Yet Pang E, though only a woman of slight strength, grieved at the cruel wrong done to her father and bristled at her enemy's murderous boasts. She raised her sword against her foe's neck and felled both man and horse. She appeased the aggrieved spirit of her late father and avenged the enduring hatred of her three brothers. Nothing like it has been seen in recent ages. The Classic of Poetry says: "Prepare my spears and lances, and with you share the foe." Surely this speaks of Pang E.